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Lectures
Module 1: Basic Concept of
Innovation Systems
Systems approach is very different than used in traditional indicators
of technological change such as labour productivity, growth of
turnover, product differentiations etc. The concept of innovation
systems has changed the analytical perspective about innovation from
the traditional linear and monolithic model to a systemic view of
interactions among different actors. In this module we intend to
discuss about systems approach to the analysis of economic and
technical change which primary focuses on institutional environment on
the one hand and flow of knowledge among various stakeholders on the
other. The module covers basic concepts in innovation systems.
Lecture 1 - Systems of Innovation
Module 2: Sectoral System of
Innovations
This module basically covers building blocks of sectoral systems of
innovation (SSI). Although contours of SSI vary from one sector to
another, basic concept of institutions and organisations remains same.
The module will discuss various forms of firms and institutions and
their mechanism of interaction in general sense. As the stakeholders or
actors differ in terms of their objective and approaches so does the
interaction among them. All these issues will be covered in the
discussion.
Lecture 2 - Sectoral systems of Innovation
Module 3: Role of Knowledge, Networks,
Actors, and Institutions in SSI
Having identified building blocks of SSI in Module 2 this module deals
with SSI networks and actors. Creation and flow of knowledge among
actors are also covered. Methodological issues related to analysis on
innovations using SSI approach are discussed in detailed. We emphasize
on the role of factors such as knowledge, technology, and institutional
environment in influencing innovations.
Lecture 3 - Role of Knowledge Networks, Actors, and Institutions in SSI
Module 4: Dynamics of SSI
Economic systems are not static. They keep on changing due to several
factors such as advances in fundamental scientific research, emergence
of new products and markets and other events that influence economic
systems. Consequently the roles economic agents in an economic system
are subjected to change. This might result in changes in the roles
existing actors or destruction of existing ones. New actors might
emerge as a result of changes in economic systems. These changes are
expected to affect the organisation of innovation systems. In this
module we will discuss the evolutionary aspect of SSI.
Module 5: Measurement of the
Performance of the System
Measurement of the performance of a system which is basically a network
of actors such as firms, institutions, and policy bodies is very
difficult because of heterogeneity of network elements. Moreover
evaluation of the performance of a system depends on its complexity.
The actors in systems like SSI have different mandate and function
aimed at unified objectives of the system Hence evaluation of the
performance at system level is complex. However, examination of the
performance at the sub-system level or each actor separately is more
realistic. In this module we will touch upon the measurements issues at
the sub-system level.
Lecture 5 - Innovation Activities and Sectoral Dynamics
Module 6: Sectoral Dynamics and
Innovation Activities
A large amount of empirical evidence suggests that sectors continuously
displayed varying degree on innovation activities. It is possibly due
to variations in the allocation of resources in R&D activities in
different sectors. For instance, almost all the countries have spent
more on R&D in new technologies such as information and
communication technologies (ICTs) compared to other sectors. However,
economic benefits have been appropriated by few countries in this
sector. This module discusses the role SSI in innovative performance of
few countries in selected sectors and also the factors that govern
innovation activities in different sectors.
Module 7 and 8: SSI in
Telecommunications and Software Sectors
In this module we intend to present the case studies of modern sectors.
The case studies are related to developed countries because there is
still scarcity of literature in developing countries. However, we will
make efforts to present case studies of developing countries. Each
sector case study is expected to take one session.
Module 9 and 10: SSI in
Pharmaceuticals and Machine- and Medical-Tools Sectors
This module will present case studies of relatively traditional
sectors. Here also we will try to discuss case studies of developing
countries.
